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johnrennceo
Grünschnabel
| Zuletzt online: 07.06.2025 |
Level: 5 
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| Breakthrough in Polymer Chemistry: Light-Driven Method Enables Broad Postfunctionalization with Phos |
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As the demand for advanced polymeric materials continues to rise, scientists are increasingly turning to postfunctionalization—the chemical modification of polymer chains after synthesis—as a powerful strategy to create functional and customizable materials. This approach allows widely available polymers to be transformed into high-performance materials by introducing new chemical groups.
One of the most sustainable and efficient methods of postfunctionalization uses visible light and catalysts to trigger chemical transformations under mild conditions. However, conventional techniques often rely on forming carbon-centered radicals along the polymer backbone, which restricts the types of functional groups that can be introduced.
In a major advancement, a research team led by Professor Shinsuke Inagi at the Institute of Science Tokyo (Science Tokyo), in collaboration with Professor Hirohisa Ohmiya of Kyoto University and former graduate student Mr. Tomohiro Tamano, has developed a novel light-driven postfunctionalization technique that enables the incorporation of phosphonate esters—functional groups previously difficult to introduce—into polymers. Their findings were published online in Angewandte Chemie International Edition on May 15, 2025.
The team’s approach is based on radical–polar crossover (RPC) chemistry, which allows a carbon-centered radical on the polymer chain to be converted into a positively charged intermediate, or carbocation. This carbocation then reacts with nucleophiles, such as trialkyl phosphites, enabling the formation of phosphonate-functionalized polymers.
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“This is the first example of postfunctionalization using an organophotoredox-catalyzed RPC strategy,” said Professor Inagi. “It significantly broadens the scope of accessible reactions and makes it possible to design novel polymer architectures that are difficult or impossible to create with conventional methods.”
The process uses the organophotoredox catalyst 12-phenyl-12H-benzo[b]phenothiazine (Ph-benzoPTZ) to activate phthalimide ester-functionalized poly(methacrylate) derivatives. Under blue LED light, the catalyst forms an electron donor–acceptor (EDA) complex with the ester group, initiating electron transfer. This results in cleavage of the phthalimide group and carbon dioxide release, forming a carbon-centered radical. A second electron transfer step converts the radical into a carbocation, which then reacts with the phosphite nucleophile to form a stable phosphonate linkage.
The resulting polymers, which include diethyl isopropenylphosphonate, propylene, and methyl acrylate segments, possess unique structural features that are not readily achievable via traditional radical polymerization. The researchers also demonstrated the method’s versatility by incorporating various trialkyl phosphites—including those with chloro and trifluoromethyl groups—into different polymer backbones, achieving functionalization degrees between 7% and 21%.
This breakthrough offers a highly flexible and sustainable route to next-generation functional polymers, potentially opening doors for innovations in materials science, electronics, and biomedical applications.
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07.06.2025 08:22 |
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